Which hereditary condition leads to thick mucus clogs in the lungs?

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary condition caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which is responsible for the proper transport of chloride ions across epithelial cell membranes. This dysfunction affects various organs, particularly the lungs and digestive system. In the lungs, the defective chloride channels lead to the production of thick and sticky mucus. This mucus accumulation obstructs airways and creates a breeding ground for bacteria, which can result in recurrent lung infections and chronic respiratory issues.

Additionally, individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience complications such as digestive problems, as the thick mucus can also block pancreatic ducts, preventing digestive enzymes from reaching the intestines. This condition highlights the importance of the CFTR gene in maintaining normal mucus viscosity and function throughout the body.

The other conditions mentioned do not involve the specific genetic mutation that characterizes cystic fibrosis, nor do they lead to the distinctive thick mucus characteristic of this disease.