What type of medication is commonly used to treat pulmonary edema?

Diuretics are commonly used to treat pulmonary edema because they facilitate the removal of excess fluid from the body. Pulmonary edema often results from conditions such as heart failure or other cardiovascular diseases, where fluid accumulates in the lungs due to increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation. Diuretics work by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased urine output. This reduction in fluid overload helps decrease the pressure in the pulmonary vessels, alleviating the symptoms of edema and improving respiratory function.

The other types of medications mentioned are not primarily aimed at treating the underlying fluid accumulation in pulmonary edema. Antibiotics are used for bacterial infections, corticosteroids are mainly for reducing inflammation in various conditions, and bronchodilators help to open airways but do not address the fluid aspect of pulmonary edema. Thus, diuretics are the most effective choice for managing this condition.